Everything about The National Reading Panel totally explained
The
National Reading Panel (NRP) was a United States government body. Formed in
1997 at the request of Congress, it was a national panel with the stated aim of assessing the effectiveness of different approaches used to teach children to read.
The panel was created by Director of the
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the
National Institutes of Health, in consultation with the
Secretary of Education, and included prominent experts in the fields of reading education, psychology, and higher education. The panel was chaired by
Donald Langenberg (University of Maryland), and included the following members: Gloria Correro (Mississippi State U.), Linnea Ehri (City University of New York), Gwenette Ferguson (Houston, TX), Norma Garza (Brownsville, TX), Michael L. Kamil (Stanford U.), Cora Bagley Marrett (U. Massachusetts-Amherst), S. J. Samuels (U. of Minnesota), Timothy Shahahan (U. of Illinois at Chicago), Sally Shaywitz (Yale U.), Thomas Trabasso (U. of Chicago), Joanna Williams (Columbia U.), Dale Willows (U. Of Toronto), Joanne Yatvin (Boring, OR).
In April 2000, the panel issued its report, "Teaching Children to Read," and completed its work. The report summarized research in five areas of literacy instruction: phonemic awareness instruction, phonics instruction, fluency instruction, vocabulary instruction and text comprehension instruction. The final report was endorsed by all of the panel members except one. Joanne Yatvin wrote a minority report criticizing the work of the NRP because it (a) didn't include teachers, (b) only focused on a subset of important reading skills, and (c) included only experimental and quasiexperimental research in its review of evidence (it didn't include qualitative research). Timothy Shanahan, another panel member, later responded that Dr. Yatvin had received permission to investigate areas of reading skill other panel members felt they couldn't address within the limited time provided for their work. Shanahan noted that she hadn't pursued additional areas of interest despite the blessings of the panel.
In 2001, President George W. Bush announced that the report would be the basis of federal literacy policy and was used prominently to craft
Reading First, a $5 billion federal reading initiative that was part of the
No Child Left Behind legislation.
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